Useful Dawkins quotes for your essays and exam papers

Matt Ridley: ‘most scientists are bored by what they have already discovered. It is ignorance which drives them on.’ Dawkins: Mystics exult in mystery and want it to stay mysterious.’

 

‘those people who leap from personal bafflement at a natural phenomenon straight to a hasty invocation of the supernatural are no better than the fools who see a conjuror bending a spoon and leap to the conclusion that it is ‘paranormal.’ ‘

 

Against the anthropic principle: ‘it follows from the fact of our existence that the laws of physics must be friendly enough to allow life to arise… ‘ in other words if they weren’t it wouldn’t and we wouldn’t be having this discussion. Just because it is ‘very improbable’ doesn’t mean impossible.

 

‘in George Bernard Shaw’s words: ‘the fact that a believer is happier than a sceptic is no more to the point than the fact that a drunken man is happier than a sober one.’

 

‘if neuro-scientists find a ‘god-centre’ in the brain… will still want to understand the natural selection pressure that favoured it.’

 

Hitler and Stalin may well have been atheists but that wasn’t why they perpetrated their evil deeds. In fact Dawkins argues Hitler lived a Catholic until he died. ‘In 1923 Hitler’s speech in Munich said: ‘…rescue our country from the Jew who is ruining it…we want to prevent our Germany from suffering as Another did the death upon the Cross.’ In other words the extermination of the Jews was justified in his mind. Even Martin Luther famous protestant reformed was a virulent Anti-Semite.’

 

Dawkins is not a fundamentalist scientist because if evidence came along that evolution was not true he would abandon it. He knows what it would take to change his mind. His objection to religious fundamentalism is that it ‘saps the intellect and subverts science.’

 

He gives the example of Kurt Wise a promising and respected geologist and palaeontologist who had a crisis of faith as a result of a fundamentalist upbringing and realising that he could not reconcile evolution and the Bible chose to reject evolution.

 

Quoting from the Glasgow Herald an article by Muriel Gray regarding the London Bombings: ‘Everyone is being blamed from the obvious duo Bush and Blair…[but] the cause of all this misery, mayhem, violence terror and ignorance is religion itself.’ Bertrand Russell said: ‘Many people would sooner die than think. In fact they do.’ And Voltaire: ‘Those who can make you believe absurdities can make you commit atrocities.’

General points about the anthology paper

  • Try to make links between the extract and the passage as a whole if you can. ‘earlier in the passage Ayer suggests…’ or ‘towards the end of the passage Ayer concludes …’ ‘ however in this part of the passage Ayer…’
  • Remember the more dogmatic a claim the easier to refute! ‘no grounds for…’ ‘all philosophers / believers think …’
  • knowing (of)God is real = real means cognitive, contingent, physical
  • Knowing about is different.
  • Part (a) clarify / examine – what kinds of concepts need explaining, explain them pointing out the strengths and weaknesses of the points of view
  • To score high marks only use well chosen, short quotations.
  • Why do you agree or disagree? Take a stance and support it – explain why? Because… use evidence; how these ideas have impacted on groups…
  • Think ‘so what?’ what difference would it make if the claims made in the extracts were true?
  • Speculate what might be different? How would things change? What would we not have?
  • 45 minutes on (a) and 30 on (b)
    • Because
    • However
    • Furthermore
    • On the other hand
    • In addition
  • Identify important quotations that you can use and explain the meaning of
  • Illustrate and exemplify e.g. use other aspects of studies
  • Can evaluate as you go along but leave something for (b)
  • Do you agree? Yes or no – why?
  • Can you back it up with examples, scholars?
  • I … but also supported by critical response to scholarly ideas – names useful but not essential
  • Because …
  • Consider the arguments on the other side.
  • Who cares? Does it matter? To whom? Believers / non-believers / society / philosophers see Ayer’s article
  • If so why?
  • What are the consequences?

 

 

Some useful quotes:

Tillich ‘… turns humans into autistic creatures.’ Referring to if religious dimension denied.

 

Remember that religious experiences are proof of God to the person who has experienced them but not necessarily to others this makes them meaningful to the experient.

Is it a risky business/

Are religious experiences symptoms of insanity?

Discuss in relation to understanding the nature of the experiences or of human nature.

I agree but here’s the problem…

I disagree… because….

E.g. I agree with Swinburne’s principle of testimony but these are not ordinary experiences.

You cannot brand everyone insane…

Nothing would sway some people against…

Conclusion:

If one looks at those who have had religious experiences are they all liars or misinterpreting their experience? Isn’t it the way their lives have changed which matters? Doesn’t this provide empirical evidence of some sort? And anyway even if some are not all necessarily are.

Implications – if this passage is true; that religious experiences are true, then it proves that God exists.

If however this passage says that religious experiences are not true then these people are mistaken and therefore we cannot trust that anyone / scriptures etc. are trustworthy and therefore the foundations of western society are thrown into question. What it doesn’t do is disprove the existence of God.