Frankenstein chapter summaries

Chapter 2

Description of Elizabeth (kind, generous, womanly) and Henry Clerval (enthusiastic for all sorts of experiences); also Victor’s growing obsession with natural philosophy.

Chapter 3

Elizabeth catches scarlet fever, in nursing her Victor’s mother dies; he goes off to university to pursue his obsession despite his professors’ disdain.

Chapter 4

Victor becomes obsessed with the idea of defeating death and disease; collects body parts to create life meanwhile rejecting his previous life, interests, health and even sleep.

Chapter 5

He animates his creation, is horrified by it and runs away from it. It pursues him till he runs into Clerval who looks after him for several months as he has a breakdown.

Chapter 6

Victor receives a letter from Elizabeth reminding him of his family and responsibilities. Justine introduced and her background as a lovely, decent and upstanding woman.

Chapter 7

Victor receives a letter from his father telling him his brother William has been murdered. Victor travels home. On his way he catches sight of the monster during a dramatic storm. Upon arrival at home his brother Ernest tells him the murderer has been discovered – it is Justine.

Chapter 8

At the trial the evidence is produced – a picture hidden in the pocket of her dress and her absence on the night of the crime. She confesses (afraid of the consequences for her soul) and is hanged despite Elizabeth’s plea on her behalf.

Chapter 9

Victor falls into a deep depression.

Chapter 10

One day while out walking in the mountains the monster approaches him and begs him to listen to his story.

Chapter 11

The monster describes how rejected by his creator he wandered lonely and naked until he found a cloak to cover himself, fire to warm himself, food to feed himself and finally a family to spy upon and learn about the world. Including in his first encounter with other humans their fear and contempt for him when some villagers threw stones at him to drive him away.

Chapter 12

He learned about kindness.

Chapter 13

He learns to read and to talk by listening in on the old man teaching the young Arabian woman.

Chapter 14

He learns about selflessness and high ideals.

Chapter 15

He concocts a plan to be taken in by these kind folk. He is shocked by the violence of their rejection of him.

Chapter 16

In revenge he destroys their now abandoned home and wandering aimlessly he encounters first a young girl whom he saves from drowning in the river but is thanked with a bullet by her young man and then what turns out to be Victor’s young brother whom he inadvertently kills when he refuses to accompany him. He plants evidence of the crime on Justine and flees the scene.

Chapter 17

Now he asks – demands – that Victor make him a mate.

Chapter 18

Victor’s father suggests he and Elizabeth get married soon. He says he must go to England first.

Chapter 19

Victor and Clerval tour England then part company in Scotland from where Victor travels to the Orkneys, hires a cottage and proceeds to make the monster’s mate.

Chapter 20

On seeing the monster spying on him Victor in a frenzy tears up the mate. Upon leaving the island he is arrested for the murder of Henry Clerval.

Chapter 21

He has another breakdown. After 3 months in prison his father arrives and Victor is found to be innocent.

Chapter 22

They return to Geneva. Eventually he and Elizabeth are married.

Chapter 23

Elizabeth is murdered on their wedding night by the monster. Once again Victor is exonerated by the law.

Chapter 24

And Victor sets off around the world in pursuit where finally we end where we started and he meets Walton.

Another way to tackle your assignment on Frankenstein

Start off with an introduction telling us briefly what the story is about

Where was Mary Shelley when she had the idea of the story? (Switzerland, in the mountains, rotten summer weather)

Who was she with and why did she come up with the idea? (friends, competition to tell ghost stories, nightmare)

What had happened to her in her past that she wanted to include in the story? (mother died/ her own baby died / she had witnessed professor Galvani’s experiment to animate a frog / and become obsessed with the ideas of preventing death herself.)

Section one:

How did she write the story? (letters from Walton to his sister / story within a story within a story / a mix of romantic and gothic writing / this style was influenced by people she knew who were writers like Percy, her lover who was a Romantic poet, Coleridge had written the Rime of the Ancient Mariner which had horrified her but which introduced her to Gothic writing)

What other works of literature had affected and influenced her in her writing and how did she use them? (the Rime of the Ancient Mariner / Paradise Lost / Faust / myths of the Fall of Man and Prometheus)

When did she first publish the story and why anonymously? When was it revised and how was it changed and why?

Section two:

Remember this is the title – horrifying today as it ever was.

Start with the beginning – where does the book start? Who is there? Why? How does she write this section in the Romantic style? (think how she describes the place (you could even here discuss how Branagh films this opening section to his film) / what kind of man Walton is and how he fits the classic Romantic hero character type.) How do Shelly and Branagh make this opening section shocking? (think unexpected visitors / dogs / howling / unseen threat)

Now go on to the beginning of the bit where Victor animates the creature (see quotation, it’s a mix of Romantic and Gothic styles – why is it shocking for both Victor and the reader? What kind of expectations were set up and how and why were they upset?)

Section three:

What themes are included in her story? e.g. birth, death, parenthood, responsibility towards children, the need for love and companionship, nature vs nurture and what makes us who and what we become (here talk about Rousseau and his ideas about what makes men evil / Mary read this book while on this holiday, how does she incorporate it into her book? The creature, the way he is treated by everybody he comes across including his creator and the fact that he never gets a name), science playing God (here can you give some examples from the 20th century like gm foods, cloning, the atom bomb etc,) the power of religion (Think of Justine and people’s attitudes towards what was appropriate for science to investigate and what was not), prejudice (appearances), ambition (Walton’s / Victor’s / the creature’s – which are right or acceptable and which are not?), the differences between men and women (this could include how women are portrayed in the book and both films / but could also relate it to Mary’s feminist mother and how Mary and she would have felt about bringing up children / marriage…)

Section four:

Now bring it up to date – refer to the ways in which Mary Shelley’s original idea has been used in films, other books, TV and above all what for? (to frighten / to warn of the dangers of…)

What did you think of the films? Which did you prefer if either? Why / why not?

Do you think it is a good story? What were the difficulties in reading the original story? (language / style / length / old-fashioned? / strange ideas? Was it realistic enough?)

Section five:

What do you think were Mary’s overall messages? Do you think they are still important today?